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【原】linux环境下svn安装图文教程
不忘初心
2017-11-13
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简介：尝试使用二进制方式安装svn，太麻烦了，光是它的依赖库就需要一堆，还是使用简单的yum来安装一下吧，以后有时间和精力再去尝试使用二进制方式安装。直接yuminstallsubversion[root@VM_41_196_centos~]#yuminstallsubversionLoadedplugins:fastestmirror,langpacksepel
尝试使用二进制方式安装svn，太麻烦了，光是它的依赖库就需要一堆，还是使用简单的yum来安装一下吧，以后有时间和精力再去尝试使用二进制方式安装。
直接 yum install subversion
[root@VM_41_196_centos ~]# yum install subversion
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
os | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/7): epel/7/x86_64/group_gz | 261 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo | 847 kB 00:00:00
(3/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 129 kB 00:00:00
(4/7): os/7/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:00
(5/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB 00:00:01
(6/7): os/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:02
(7/7): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:02
Determining fastest mirrors
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package subversion.x86_64 0:1.7.14-11.el7_4 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: subversion-libs(x86-64) = 1.7.14-11.el7_4 for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_wc-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_subr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_repos-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_svn-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_neon-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra_local-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_ra-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_util-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_fs-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs_base-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_fs-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_diff-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_delta-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsvn_client-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libneon.so.27()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package neon.x86_64 0:0.30.0-3.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libpakchois.so.0()(64bit) for package: neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64
---> Package subversion-libs.x86_64 0:1.7.14-11.el7_4 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pakchois.x86_64 0:0.4-10.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
subversion x86_64 1.7.14-11.el7_4 updates 1.0 M
Installing for dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 os 103 k
apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 os 92 k
neon x86_64 0.30.0-3.el7 os 165 k
pakchois x86_64 0.4-10.el7 os 14 k
subversion-libs x86_64 1.7.14-11.el7_4 updates 921 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+5 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 2.3 M
Installed size: 8.1 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/6): apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 92 kB 00:00:00
(2/6): apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 103 kB 00:00:00
(3/6): pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00
(4/6): neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 165 kB 00:00:00
(5/6): subversion-libs-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64.rpm | 921 kB 00:00:00
(6/6): subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.1 MB/s | 2.3 MB 00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 1/6
Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 2/6
Installing : pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64 3/6
Installing : neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64 4/6
Installing : subversion-libs-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64 5/6
Installing : subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : subversion-libs-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64 1/6
Verifying : neon-0.30.0-3.el7.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 3/6
Verifying : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 4/6
Verifying : pakchois-0.4-10.el7.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : subversion-1.7.14-11.el7_4.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
subversion.x86_64 0:1.7.14-11.el7_4
Dependency Installed:
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 neon.x86_64 0:0.30.0-3.el7 pakchois.x86_64 0:0.4-10.el7 subversion-libs.x86_64 0:1.7.14-11.el7_4
Complete!
[root@VM_41_196_centos ~]# ll
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 2523 Apr 21 2016 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@VM_41_196_centos ~]# ll
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 2523 Apr 21 2016 anaconda-ks.cfgyum 安装的，我们查看一下装到哪里去了
[root@VM_41_196_centos ~]# rpm -ql subversion
/etc/subversion
/etc/sysconfig/svnserve
/run/svnserve
/usr/bin/svn
/usr/bin/svnadmin
/usr/bin/svndumpfilter
/usr/bin/svnlook
/usr/bin/svnrdump
/usr/bin/svnserve
/usr/bin/svnsync
/usr/bin/svnversion
/usr/lib/systemd/system/svnserve.service
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/svnserve.conf
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svn
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svnadmin
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svndumpfilter
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svnlook
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svnsync
/usr/share/bash-completion/completions/svnversion
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/BUGS
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/CHANGES
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/COMMITTERS
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/INSTALL
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/LICENSE
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/NOTICE
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/README
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/backup
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/backup/hot-backup.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb/erase-all-text-data.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb/skel.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb/svn-bdb-view.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb/svnfs.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/bdb/whatis-rep.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/SvnCLBrowse
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/blame.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/check-modified.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/dumpprops.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/get-location-segments.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/getfile.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/getlocks_test.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/geturl.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/headrev.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/info.rb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/minimal_client.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/putfile.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/revplist.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnlog2html.rb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnlook.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnlook.rb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnput.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnserve-sgid.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnshell.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/svnshell.rb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/examples/testwrite.c
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/commit-access-control.cfg.example
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/commit-access-control.pl
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/commit-email.rb
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/log-police.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/mailer.conf.example
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/mailer.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests/mailer-init.sh
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests/mailer-t1.output
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests/mailer-t1.sh
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests/mailer-tweak.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/mailer/tests/mailer.conf
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/svn2feed.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/svnperms.conf.example
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/svnperms.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/validate-extensions.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/hook-scripts/verify-po.py
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/mod_authz_svn-INSTALL
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/xslt
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/xslt/svnindex.css
/usr/share/doc/subversion-1.7.14/xslt/svnindex.xsl
/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/psvn-init.el
/usr/share/emacs/site-lisp/psvn.el
/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/ko/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/subversion.mo
/usr/share/man/man1/svn.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svnadmin.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svndumpfilter.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svnlook.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svnrdump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svnsync.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/svnversion.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/svnserve.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/svnserve.8.gz
/usr/share/xemacs/site-packages/lisp/psvn.el安装在 /usr/share 文件夹下，没关系，这些文件，我们基本上用不到，所以不用管它，爱装哪里装哪里。
因为是yum，所以是一步到位的，环境和依赖什么的，都不需要我们来操心，下面直接来建立我们自己的版本库
[root@VM_41_196_centos local]# svnadmin create /usr/local/svn/usr/local/svn，这个文件夹是我们手动创建的，也就是说这个文件夹就是我们的版本库所在，一些托管的代码和相应的配置都是在这个文件夹下
如上图所示，执行了上面的命令之后，这空文件夹就有了很多文件了，db就是存储文件的地方，conf就是配置文件所在的地方。
conf文件夹下有三个配置文件：
authz #权限
passwd #密码
svnserve.conf #服务配置
我们来配置一个账户，看看效果，用户test，密码test，先给他配置权限
### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
### files.
### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
### - a single user,
### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
###
### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
### ('').
[aliases]
# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
[groups]
# harry_and_sally = harry,sally
# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
# [/foo/bar]
# harry = rw
# &joe = r
# * =
# [repository:/baz/fuz]
# @harry_and_sally = rw
# * = r
[/]
test = rw注意test上面的中括号，这个代表的就是访问目录，只有一个斜杠，代表根目录，如果只想让test用户访问test目录，那么就是 [/test]
再给test用户配置一个密码
### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
[users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
test = test很简单，一目了然，前面是账号，后面是密码，一个账号配置占一行，多个就配置多行。
还需要配置一下svnserve.conf，最重要的就是配置版本库所在的目录
### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow
### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
### irrelevant.)
### Visit http://subversion.apache.org/ for more information.
[general]
### The anon-access and auth-access options control access to the
### repository for unauthenticated (a.k.a. anonymous) users and
### authenticated users, respectively.
### Valid values are "write", "read", and "none".
### Setting the value to "none" prohibits both reading and writing;
### "read" allows read-only access, and "write" allows complete
### read/write access to the repository.
### The sample settings below are the defaults and specify that anonymous
### users have read-only access to the repository, while authenticated
### users have read and write access to the repository.
anon-access = read
auth-access = write
### The password-db option controls the location of the password
### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
### this configuration file.
### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
password-db = passwd
### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path
### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
### directory containing this file. If you don't specify an
### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
authz-db = authz
### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm
### is repository's uuid.
realm = /usr/local/svn
### The force-username-case option causes svnserve to case-normalize
### usernames before comparing them against the authorization rules in the
### authz-db file configured above. Valid values are "upper" (to upper-
### case the usernames), "lower" (to lowercase the usernames), and
### "none" (to compare usernames as-is without case conversion, which
### is the default behavior).
# force-username-case = none
[sasl]
### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
### library for authentication. Default is false.
### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus
### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
# use-sasl = true
### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit
### encryption). The values below are the defaults.
# min-encryption = 0
# max-encryption = 256配置中的几个地方，分别是：
anon-access = read #匿名用户可读
auth-access = write #授权用户可写
password-db = passwd #使用哪个文件作为账号文件
authz-db = authz #使用哪个文件作为权限文件
realm = /usr/local/svn # 认证空间名，版本库所在目录
好了，我们的配置已经OK了，下面我们启动svn服务
[root@VM_41_196_centos svn]# svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn查看一下，启动成功了没有
[root@VM_41_196_centos svn]# ps -ef|grep svn
root 10859 1 0 17:09 ? 00:00:00 svnserve -d -r /usr/local/svn
root 10865 9711 0 17:09 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto svn用本地小乌龟来访问一下，测试是否完全能用了
没问题，一次成功
上图中，我们新建了一个test目录，再来将test账号的权限给他缩小到只能访问test目录，直接将 [/] 改成 [/test]
基本上是没啥问题了，但是之前碰到过一次，在eclipse或者idea中，查看不了代码提交的历史信息，会出现 item is not readable 的错误，最后发现是设置匿名用户可读的地方出了问题。
解决方法：将 anon-access = read 改为 anon-access = none，就好了。
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